Abstract
Background: Few studies have considered hormonal influences, particularly vitamin D, on healing.
Hypothesis: Vitamin D deficiency would have a negative effect on the structure of the healing tendon-bone interface in a rat model and would result in decreased tendon attachment strength.
Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.
Abstract
Background: Chronic plantar fasciitis is a common orthopedic condition that can prove difficult to successfully treat. In this study, autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a concentrated bioactive blood component rich in cytokines and growth factors, was compared to traditional cortisone injection in the treatment of chronic cases of plantar fasciitis resistant to traditional nonoperative management.
Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on articular surfaces on which the mosaicplasty technique was performed. Our hypothesis was that PRP can accelerate the osseointegration process and enhance the quality of articular integrity after the mosaicplasty procedure.
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of platelet-rich plasma-incorporated gelatin hydrogel microsphere (PRP/GM) together with subchondral drilling for cartilage regeneration in horses. Cartilage defects (diameter, 4.5 mm; depth, 3.0 mm) were created in both third carpal bones of six thoroughbred horses. A subchondral hole was drilled at the center of this cartilage defect (diameter, 2.0 mm; depth, 35 mm) in one randomly selected carpal joint (test joint), whereas no subchondral hole was made in the contralateral joint (control joint). Thereafter, the test joint was injected with PRP/GM and the control joint with saline-infused GM. Additional injections of PRP/GM were given 14 and 28 days after surgery. After 16 weeks, histological analysis was conducted. The macroscopic and histological scores of the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). These data indicated that the application of PRP/GM together with subchondral drilling accelerated cartilage regeneration in horses.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To present the results of dextrose prolotherapy undertaken for chronic non-responding coccygodynia in 37 patients.
METHODS: 14 men and 23 women (mean age, 36 years) with chronic coccygodynia not responding to conservative treatment for more than 6 months were included. 27 of them had received local steroid injections. A visual analogue score (VAS) was recorded for all patients before and after injection of 8 ml of 25% dextrose and 2 ml of 2% lignocaine into the coccyx. In 8 patients with a VAS of more than 4 after the second injection, a third injection was given 4 weeks later.
Introduction
In the last decade Hyaluronic Acid (HA) and, more recently, Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) have been used in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis (OA) [1]. Sound basic research supports their therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Platelets are rich in mediators able to positively affect cell activity in wound healing. Aim of this study was to characterize the effect of different concentrations of human pooled allogeneic platelet lysate on human cells involved in the different phases of wound healing (inflammatory phase, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix secretion and epithelialization).
\nAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared with focused extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) among athletes with chronic patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee).
Abstract
PDGF and VEGF are two of the most potent mitogen for connective tissue, its secretion appears to be particularly important when the source is Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP), hence the latter leading role in tissue regeneration. ELISA PDGFBB levels in PRP, Platelet Poor Plasma (PPP) and exudates, were determined in 32 healthy subjects before and 24 hours after ingestion of Aspirin (ASA) and Clopidogrel (CLO). Results: PDGFBB baseline levels were 10.6
A fake surgical procedure is just as good as real surgery at reducing pain and other symptoms in some patients suffering from torn knee cartilage, according to a new study that is likely to fuel debate over one of the most common orthopedic operations.
Abstract
A fake surgical procedure is just as good as real surgery at reducing pain and other symptoms in some patients suffering from torn knee cartilage, according to a new study that is likely to fuel debate over one of the most common orthopedic operations.
As many as 700,000 people in the U.S. undergo knee surgery each year to treat tears in a crescent-shaped piece of cartilage known as the meniscus, which acts as a shock absorber between the upper and lower portions of the knee joints. The tears create loose pieces of cartilage that doctors have long thought interfere with motion of the joints, causing pain and stiffness.
\nAbstract
The study was conducted to evaluate homogenous platelets rich plasma (PRP) gel in the bone healing process. There are limited researches on the use of biomaterials to assist healing process in Bangladesh done earier. Therefore, this experiment was carried out to exploit the therapeutic effects of PRP gel on healing process. For bone healing study, total 6 oblique tibial fracture cases in goats were created. Goats were divided into three groups with two animals in each group bearing weight 15-20 kg and age 1-3 years. Among these two groups were treated with homogenous PRP gel and one group was untreated served as control and fracture cases were corrected with open reduction and internal fixation using bone plate with screw and surgical stainless steel wire (18 Gauze) suture. Goats showed a satisfactory result on bone healing after using PRP gel. Post operative radiography confirmed that bone fragments were well maintained until healing occurred and radiograph showed negligible callus at 30 days, complete healing occur. On the other hands, it takes 60 days for immobilization in untreated group. In treatment groups there was no periosteal reaction at the fracture site. No postoperative complication was observed at surgical site. This study could help veterinarians to consider natural biomaterial product specially homogenous PRP gel for a good healing of bone with minimum complications. Further studies are necessary for the molecular investigation of healing process and proper establishment of commercially available of PRP gel in our country and easyiest way of application.
Nowadays magnetic nanoparticles have a great potential for biomedical applications due to their specific properties. These particles usually consist of magnetic component, often magnetite (Fe3O4) or other iron oxide, and the nonmagnetic component which ensure interaction with biological material. Magnetic particles have an important role especially for the separation of biomolecules and diagnostics, however in recent years, there are also applications of magnetic nanoparticles in the field of tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells are unique especially for their ability to differentiate into many cell types and are thus very promising tool for tissue regeneration. However, there are problems with their insufficient quantity, so it is necessary to expand these cells in vitro. Herein, nanofibers were created by electrospinning from a mixture of polycaprolactone and magnetic particles (Fe3O4) at size of 50 nm. Viability and proliferation of porcine mesenchymal stem cells as well as alkaline phosphatase activity were monitored at 1st, 7th and 21st day after seeding. Adhesion and proliferation of the cells were also verified by confocal microscopy. Significantly better viability and proliferation of cells in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles were demonstrated by MTS and PicoGreen assays, respectively. These measurements also correlate with the results of confocal microscopy.
Nowadays magnetic nanoparticles have a great potential for biomedical applications due to their specific properties. These particles usually consist of magnetic component, often magnetite (Fe3O4) or other iron oxide, and the nonmagnetic component which ensure interaction with biological material. Magnetic particles have an important role especially for the separation of biomolecules and diagnostics, however in recent years, there are also applications of magnetic nanoparticles in the field of tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells are unique\nespecially for their ability to differentiate into many cell types and are thus very promising tool for tissue regeneration. However, there are problems with their insufficient quantity, so it is necessary to expand these cells in vitro. Herein, nanofibers were created by electrospinning from a mixture of polycaprolactone and magnetic particles (Fe3O4) at size of 50 nm. Viability and proliferation of porcine mesenchymal stem cells as well as alkaline phosphatase activity were monitored at 1st, 7th and 21st day after seeding. Adhesion and proliferation of the cells were also verified by confocal microscopy. Significantly better viability and proliferation of cells in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles were demonstrated by MTS and PicoGreen assays, respectively. These measurements also correlate with the results of confocal microscopy.
Osteoarthritis, themost common articular disease in humankind, results fromdefects in articular cartilage and has significant effects on the quality of life (QOL) of patients, especially the elderly. For this reason, the effects of osteoarthritis and related therapeutical interventions on the QOL and patients' functions have been assessed in different studies [1].
\nPathology, surgical resection and traumatic avulsion can lead to osseous defects of the jaw bones. Oral implants, enucleation of various cystic lesions, periodontal procedures, excision of tumorous lesions and maxillofacial reconstruction are highly dependent on successful bone regeneration. Bone regenerative techniques include graft materials, proteins and barrier membranes which are used to improve bone quality before or after ablative or reshaping procedures. The healing characteristics and hemostatic properties of\nPlatelet Rich Plasma (PRP) enable it to support tissues and structures in desired configurations.
Abstract
Repair of injured soft and hard tissues in horses can benefit greatly from the use of regenerative therapies with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Vitamin-C and platelet-rich-plasma had been used for in vitro differentiation of MSC. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin-C, platelet-rich-plasma and their combination on the in vitro differentiation of adipose horse MSC. We isolated MSC from horse fat and differentiated them in vitro into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages, as demonstrated by specific staining and RT-qPCR of selected genes. Combining vitamin-C and plasma-rich-platelet positively affected the ability of MSC to differentiate in vitro into mesodermal lineages during 14 days of culture; this effect was not as marked when differentiation was attempted for 21 days. This provides valuable information on the effect of combined use of these molecules in regenerative therapies and their potential application along stem cells for lesions of musculoskeletal tissue in sport horses.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether prolotherapy, an injection-based complementary treatment for chronic musculoskeletal conditions, improves pain, stiffness, and function in adults with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA) compared to baseline status.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with collagen matrix on human nucleus pulposus (NP) cell in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). NP cells from human disks were cultured in a monolayer and maintained in the collagen matrix prior to the addition of recombinant human IL-1 and TNF-α. After applying IL-1 and TNF-α, PRP prepared by using a commercially available platelet concentration system was added. The response was investigated using real-time PCR for mRNA expression of type II collagen, aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The combination of IL-1β and TNF-α led to decrease of matrix synthesis gene expression such as collagen type II and aggrecan and increase of the degradation gene expression of COX-2 and MMP-3, compared to the control. Consecutive PRP exposure significantly recovered the down-regulated gene expression of collagen type II and aggrecan and significantly reduced the increased MMP-3 and COX-2 gene expression, compared to that of control groups with pro-inflammatory cytokines. The administration of PRP with collagen matrix markedly suppressed cytokine-induced pro-inflammatory degrading enzymes and mediators in the NP cell. It also rescued gene expression concerning matrix synthesis, thereby stabilizing NP cell differentiation.
Abstract
The purpose of this radiologic, longitudinal study was to estimate the effects of the platelet rich plasma (PRP) on improvement of the defective articular cartilage in an osteoarthritis (OA) model. The PRP is an autologous product that concentrates a high number of platelets in a small volume of plasma. It mimics the last step of the coagulation cascade, leading to formation of a fibrin clot, which consolidates and adheres to the application site in a short period of time. Twenty adult guinea pigs (treatment group, n = 10; control group, n = 10) were anesthetized and the anterior cruciate ligament of the left knee was transected through a para-patellar approach. The animals were allowed to resume normal cage activity for 12 weeks. For the preparation of PRP, 2 ml blood was collected into a Na-citrate tube by direct heart puncture. Twelve weeks post-operation PRP was injected into the OA joint of the treatment group only. The animals were observed for further 8 weeks. At 20 weeks radiological score of OA increased in control group. Reduction in the degree of osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis were detected in the PRP-treated joints. In conclusion, this study shows beneficial effects of the PRP on improvement of the defective articular cartilage in the OA joint.
\nAbstract
Platelet concentrates have been gaining popularity for a number of applications in orthopedic surgery as a way to enhance both healing of various tissues and reduce pain. One major area of focus has been the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on stem cells and chondrocytes and the potential for PRP to enhance cartilage regeneration as well as reduce catabolic factors that lead to cartilage degradation. This article provides an up-to-date review of the current literature regarding the effect of PRP on articular cartilage and its use in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Basic science, animal, and human clinical investigations are presented. In general, PRP has been shown to promote chondrogenic differentiation in vitro and lead to enhanced cartilage repair during animal investigations. Human trials, mostly conducted in the form of injection into knees with osteoarthritis, have shown promise in a number of investigations for achieving symptomatic relief of pain and improving function.
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